教育部语言文字信息管理司司长田立新,光明日报副总编辑陆先高,中国出版集团有限公司副总经理、党组成员陈永刚,商务印书馆党委书记、执行董事顾青,商务印书馆总经理李平,快手科技副总裁、执行总编辑徐静芸,评议专家中央民族大学教授蒙曼、清华大学教授沈阳、北京外国语大学教授张天伟、武汉大学教授赫琳、北京语言大学教授杨尔弘、华中师范大学教授何婷婷、中国传媒大学教授邹煜等揭晓并点评年度字词,华中师范大学教授刘延申宣读获奖网友代表名单。
冬奥冠军武大靖、任子威、徐梦桃,参与深度访谈,分享冬奥故事。著名作家梁晓声为活动泼墨题字,著名主持人春妮主持揭晓仪式。
“党的二十大”,擘画蓝图,新时代“稳”中求进
国际格局,“战”略博弈,“俄乌冲突”影响深远
2022年的中国,万众一心,踔厉奋发。党的二十大胜利召开,再次掷地有声宣告,中国共产党的初心是为人民谋幸福,一以贯之的信念是人民至上。中国式现代化领航新征程,为社会发展保驾护航,带领国家行稳致远。冬奥会各国健儿激情竞技,舞动冰雪,一起向未来。团结协作,精准防控,保健康防重症,撑起重点人群“保护伞”。
最终,“稳”和“党的二十大”当选国内字词。稳,体现在经济要稳中求进,社会要长期稳定;改革要蹄疾步稳,发展要行稳致远;中国饭碗要端稳,就业民生要保稳。党的二十大,谋共富之业、扬改革之帆、行法治之道、筑未来之基,事关党和国家事业继往开来,事关中国特色社会主义前途命运,事关中华民族伟大复兴。
2022年的世界,风云变幻,危机不断。奥密克戎变异株全球蔓延,但人类已做好更充分准备。卡塔尔世界杯战火重燃,在岁末年终让人感受足球的魅力。北溪管道泄漏,欧洲能源成本激增。俄乌冲突硝烟四起,传奇人物相继逝去,战乱之中没有真正的赢家。最终,“战”和“俄乌冲突”当选国际字词。看上去矛盾与纷争在世界范围内依然存在,但其实解决冲突的钥匙就在人类手里,即通过对话协商妥善解决分歧。世界各国是否具备足够的胸怀与智慧,是否理解人类社会命运与共,是止战的关键。
年度十大流行语、十大新词语权威发布
2022年度十大流行语、十大新词语是国家语言资源监测与研究中心基于大数据语料库,利用语言信息处理技术筛取,并经过专家评议而来的。这些热词新语记录了社会焦点的变迁,勾勒出语言生活的图景。
2022年度十大流行语是:党的二十大、中国式现代化、全过程人民民主、端稳中国饭碗、数字经济、太空会师、一起向未来、我的眼睛就是尺、电子榨菜、俄乌冲突。年度流行语是语言生活的重要组成部分,反映时代特征,勾勒大事小情:“党的二十大”胜利召开,推动“全过程人民民主”。“太空会师”标注航天领域里的中国高度,“数字经济”驱动社会生产方式的改变和生产效率的提升。
2022年度十大新词语是:中国式现代化、全人类共同价值、全球安全倡议、新型实体企业、冰雪经济、数字人、数字藏品、场所码、精准防控、雪糕刺客。年度新词语记录生活新变化、社会经济新发展,串连着2022年人们共同经历的点点滴滴:“中国式现代化”构建人类文明新形态,弘扬“全人类共同价值”。炎夏“雪糕刺客”需警惕,冬奥“冰雪经济”被点燃。
形式更加丰富,“盘点”深入人心
“汉语盘点”活动至今已走过十七个年头,旨在“用一个字、一个词描述当年的中国与世界”,鼓励全民用语言记录生活,描述中国视野下的社会变迁和世界万象。今年活动各家合作方凝心聚力,充分发挥自身特长,运用各种形式对活动进行宣传。光明网提供活动主页面,征集字词、收集投票,对活动持续报道。学习强国实时关注,并推送相关报道。微博发起话题讨论,联动国家博物馆、广东省博物馆等文博类账号,号召网友多形式展示自己的年度字词。方正字库为活动提供字体支持,用多样字体书写年度字词。新华社、人民日报、光明日报、央视新闻、北京日报等众多媒体关注活动,持续报道。涵芬文创还为获奖网友准备了精美礼品。在各方的共同努力下,今年活动的话题热度依然高涨,影响力进一步提升。
今年,在日本、马来西亚、新加坡和中国台湾等国家和地区,年度汉字评选活动也在火热进行。2022年日本年度汉字为“战”,马来西亚、新加坡年度汉字均为“涨”。中国台湾年度汉字为“涨”,海峡两岸年度汉字为“思”。评选活动体现了汉字文化圈的民众对汉字文化的认同,推动了汉语的传播,扩大了汉字文化的影响。
语言文字是文化传承的载体,是国家繁荣发展的根基,表达和传递着一个国家文化的魅力、一个民族的凝聚力。“汉语盘点”将持续下去,以美丽的汉语忠实记录中国与世界前进的脚步,创新性展现语言文字,创造性弘扬中华文化,为增强中华文明传播力影响力、建设社会主义文化强国注入精神力量。
来源:商务印书馆
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |